Construction Supervision and Inspection and Testing

Inspection and testing constitute very important features of a construction work from its commencement to completion. Construction Supervisor has to he ready to start the work. 

Inspection 

Inspection involves checking, with or without the aid of any instruments. This is done with a view to ascertain the predetermined quality parameters. Thus inspection for construction materials is done to ensure that the materials is of the specified colour, size, shape, and quantity etc. While the construction work is iu progress inspection is carried out to ensure that 

1. the construction materials are used in the specified proportion, 
2. the work is carried out in the correct sequence, 
3. construction activities are carried out by following correct procedure, and 
4. the output of the construction activity satisfies the predetermined/specified requirements in term of physical attributes e.g. dimensions, shape, gradient etc. or performance e,g. water tightness. 

Two factors need to be considered in connection with the inspection. They are 

1. who does the inspection, and 
2. when (i.e. at what stage of the construction process) is the inspection carried out ? 

Inspection is carried out by the Supervisor himself and he has to do this very frequently. The officers (Engineers) at higher level also inspect the work. If the construction is done through contract the owner's Engineer will also inspect the work so will the inspection be carried out of the Engineers at higher level in the client's organisation. 

Inspection will be necessary for checking materials, equipment and method of construction used. It is necessary to approve the intermediate stages of work e.g. approval of foundation, formwork placement of reinforcement. etc. before further work is proceeded with. Inspection is also required after an item of work is completed to check the dimension, level, plumb etc. as per drawing and specification. 

Certain stages have to be inspected by Engineers. The supervisor has to arrange for such inspections in advance by requesting the concerned officers to visit the site, inspect the work and give his approval. The date and time of inspection and the observations made by the Engineer should be recorded in the work order book maintained at the site. When such an inspection has to be carried out by the Engineer of the client's  organisation the same procedure is followed. Even though the inspections are carried out  by various officers at different occasions. Supervisor should ensure that work is done as per specifications, drawings (and conditions of contract) by being vigilant constantly. 

You should identify the important stages of work and the results to be achieved at that stage and inspect the work regularly. Any deviations noticed should be corrected promptly. This is particularly necessary if you are client slowner's Supervisor. You should not delay the inspection till such term when defects/deviations if detected can be remedied only by rejecting and redoing the work. 

Rejection of works delays the completion of work, adds to the cost of work and embitters the relationship between the client and contractor. All these factors are not conducive to the effective construction management. You should remember in this regard that 'prevention is always better than cure.