Trial pits consist of nuking excavation at site enabling examination of the subsoil and collection of samples. This method can be adopted for small depths of about 3 m. The depth of exploration required to be carried out is normally, one and a half times to twice the width of the foundation.
For deeper exploration, brings have to be carried out. These can be auger boring, percussion boring, rotary boring etc. From these brings, undisturbed/disturbed soil samples can be,collected.
The samples collected from the pits/boring are listed in the laboratory to assess the various properties like grain size distribution, liquid and plastic limit, unit weight of soil, specific gravity, natural moisture content, compressive strength etc. From these investigations, a chart indicating the depths of various strata can also be prepared.
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