Excavation

Excavation may be Carried Out in 

a) All Kinds of Soil 

Generally any strata such as sand, gravel, loam, clay, mud black cotton, moo rum, lime concrete, mud concrete etc. which can be excavated by manual digging or simple implements like pick axes, shovels, jumpers etc. come under this category. 

b) Ordinary Rock 

Generally any rock which can be excavated by splitting with crow bars or picks and does not require blasting, wedging etc. for excavation such as lime stone, sand stone, hard laterite, hard conglomerate and unreinforced cement concrete etc. 

c) Hard Rock 

Generally any rock or boulder for the excavation of which blasting is required such as quartzite, granite, basalt, reinforced cement concrete etc. come under the category. 

d) Hard Rock where Blasting is Prohibited 

Hard rock can be excavated by blasting\cheeping and digging to remove In special case blasting is prohibited then soil can be excavated around and cheeped off with the help of hammer and chiseIls and removed by digging. 

Antiques and Useful Materials 

As per the laws any items of archaeological interest such as relics of antiquity, coins, fossils or other articles of value found during excavation shall be the property of the Govt. 

Any useful material obtained from the excavation shall be the property of the owner unless otherwise stated in the contract.