Management Theory

In every organisation some individuals work together; for example managers and workers. Management theory is an explanation of behaviour of people who work in the organisation. Management theory explains activities which managers carry out in organisation. There are various activities in which a manager is involved but some of them are centered around basic activities like decision making and influencing. All organisations need the exercise of managerial function like directing, controlling, planning, & organizing . To understand an organisation it is necessary to develop an understanding of managerial work which is given by management theory. 

Management Process 

Management is the  process  of planning,  organizing,  leading and controlling the efforts of organisational members and use of resources in order to achieve stated organisational goals. 

                                                                                                                              - Stoner (1978) 

Planning means that every manager should decide about his actions before he actually engages in such actions. Organising means distribution of people for different jobs. It implies that a manager should be able to coordinate material and human resources of organisations; for example a manager should be able to utilise its physical resources. machine, raw material and employees for achieving goals of organisation. Leading implies that manager should be able to direct and influence other employees who will work toward achievement of goals Controlling means that manager should ensure that his organisation is moving toward goals. It is not deviating from its stated goals. These concept will be discussed in detail in this unit.