Bar Chart, the oldest and still the most widely used 'timely scale' as a planning technique was developed during World War -I by Henry an associate of F.W. Taylor, the father of scientific management. It is based on the principle of pre-determination and correlation of the quantity and duration of an activity, plotting them visually on straight bars, proportionate to calendar time or schedule time, with the planned quantity of achievement distributed as periodic targets and scheduled resources distributed as periodic budgets on either sides of the bars.
CPM planning technique was separately and simultaneously developed but jointly perfected by Morgan Walker of DuPont Company and James E. Kelley Jr. of Remington Rand Corporation for use in their engineering functions. PERT was developed by the US Navy's Special Project Office for use in its defense projects. Both be techniques were developed in 1958-60.
As the fundamentals [and the uses of both the techniques ire almost the same, the two have come to be referred together as CPM/PERT. Both aim at time-quantity-cost trade off in performance; through planning, scheduling and controlling. The one difference between the two is that while CPM attaches importance to activity duration, PERT considers events as deterministic.
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